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About
Nepal

Nepal
Country Name:
Nepal
Nationality:
Nepali
Capital:
Kathmandu
Government type:
Federal Democratic Republics
Administrative divisions:
14 zones (anchal, singular and plural); Bagmati, Bheri, Dhawalagiri, Gandaki, Janakpur, Karnali, Kosi, Lumbini, Mahakali, Mechi, Narayani, Rapti, Sagarmatha, Seti

Location:
Southern Asia, between China and India
Geographic coordinates:
28 00 N, 84 00 E
Map references
Asia
Area:
Total: 147,181 sq km
Land: 143,351 sq km
Water: 3,830 sq km
Land Boundaries:
Total: 2,926 km
Border Countries:
China 1,236 km, India 1,690 km
Climate
varies from cool summers and severe winters in north to subtropical summers and mild winters in south
Terrain:
Tarai or flat river plain of the Ganges in south, central hill region, rugged Himalayas in north
Elevation extremes:
Lowest Point: Kanchan Kalan 70 m
Highest Point: Mount Everest 8,850 m (highest point in Asia)
Natural Resources:
quartz, water, timber, hydropower, scenic beauty, small deposits of lignite, copper, cobalt, iron ore
Land use:
Arable land: 16%
Permanent crops: 0.8%
Other: 83.2% (2011)
Irrigated land: 11,680 sq km (2003)
GDP (purchasing power parity):
$4.99 trillion (2013 est.)
$4.833 trillion (2012 est.)
$4.63 trillion (2011 est.)
note: data are in 2013 US dollars
GDP (official exchange rate):
$1.67 trillion (2013 est.)
GDP - real growth rate:
3.2% (2013 est.)
5.1% (2012 est.)
7.5% (2011 est.)
GDP - per capita (PPP):
$4,000 (2013 est.)
$3,900 (2012 est.)
$3,800 (2011 est.)
note: data are in 2013 US dollars
Population:
30, 986,975 (July 2014 est.)
Age structure:
0-14 years: 31.6% (male 4,989,268/female 4,805,381)
15-24 Years: 22.6% (male 3,521,421/ female 3,484,203)
25-54 years: 35.7% (male 5,273,079/female 5,775,404)
55-64 Years: 5.6% (male: 847,431/ female 886,760)
65 years and over: 4.5% (male 648,917/female 755,111) (2014 est.)
Median age:
total: 22.9 years
male: 22.2 years
female: 23.6 years (2014 est.)
Population growth rate:
1.82% (2014 est.)
Birth rate:
6.62 deaths/1,000 population (July 2014 est.)
Death rate:
6.62 deaths/1,000 population (July 2014 est.)
Net migration rate:
3.71 migrant(s)/1,000 population (20140 est.)
Urbanization:
urban population: 17% of total population (2011)
rate of urbanization: 3.62 annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)
Sex ratio:
at birth: 1.04 male(s)/female
0 -14 years: 1.04 male(s)/female
15-24 years: 1.01 male(s)/female
25-54 years: 0.91 male(s)/female
55-64 years: 0.97 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.87 male(s)/female
total population: 0.96 male(s)/female (2014 est.)
Infant mortality rate:
total: 40.43 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 40.5 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 40.35 deaths/1,000 live births (2014 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:
total population: 67.19 years
male: 65.88 years
female: 66.56 years (2014 est.)
Total fertility rate:
2.3 children born/woman (2014 est.)
Chief of state:
President Ram Baran YADAV (since 23 July 2008); Vice President Paramananda JHA (since 23 July 2008)
Head of government:
Prime Minister Sushil KOIRALA (since 11 February 2014)
Cabinet:
Prime Minister Koirala on 25 February 2014 appointed the cabinet ministers; the cabinet is dominated by the Nepali Congress and the Communist Party of Nepal-United Marxist-Leninist (For more information visit the World Leaders website )
Elections:
president elected by Parliament; term extends until the new constitution is promulgated; president elected on 21 July 2008 (next election NA)
 

 

Election Results:
Ram Baran YADAV elected president by the Constituent Assembly in second round; Ram Baran YADAV 308 votes, Ram Jaja Prasad SINGH 282
Ethnic Groups:
Chhettri 16.6%, Brahman-Hill 12.2%, Magar 7.1%, Tharu 6.6%, Tamang 5.8%, Newar 5%, Kami 4.8%, Muslim 4.4%, Yadav 4%, Rai 2.3%, Gurung 2%, Damai/Dholii 1.8%, Thakuri 1.6%, Limbu 1.5%, Sarki 1.4%, Teli 1.4%, Chamar/Harijan/Ram 1.3%, Koiri/Kushwaha 1.2%, other 19%
Note: 125 caste/ethnic groups were reported in the 2011 national census (2011 est.)
Languages:
Nepali (official) 44.6%, Maithali 11.7%, Bhojpuri 6%, Tharu 5.8%, Tamang 5.1%, Newar 3.2%, Magar 3%, Bajjika 3%, Urdu 2.6%, Avadhi 1.9%, Limbu 1.3%, Gurung 1.2%, other 10.4%, unspecified 0.2%
Note: 123 languages reported as mother tongue in 2011 national census; many in government and business also speak English (2011 est.)

Religions:
Hindu 81.3%, Buddhist 9%, Muslim 4.4%, Kirant 3.1%, Christian 1.4%, other 0.5%, unspecifed 0.2% (2011 est.)

Source: CIA World Factbook
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About
India

 
Country Name:
India
Nationality:
Indian
Capital:
New Delhi
Government type:
Federal Republic
Administrative divisions:
29 states and 7 union territories*; Andaman and Nicobar Islands*, Andhra Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Chandigarh*, Chhattisgarh, Dadra and Nagar Haveli*, Daman and Diu*, Delhi*, Goa, Gujarat, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Jharkhand, Karnataka, Kerala, Lakshadweep*, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Odisha, Puducherry*, Punjab, Rajasthan, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, Telangana, Tripura, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, West Bengal
Location:
Southern Asia, bordering the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal, between Burma and Pakistan
Geographic coordinates:
20 00 N, 77 00 E
Map references
Asia
Area:
Total: 3,287,263 sq km
Land: 2,973,193 sq km
Water: 314,070 sq km
Land Boundaries:
Total: 13,888 km
Border Countries:
Bangladesh 4,142 km, Bhutan 659 km, Burma 1,468 km, China 2,659 km, Nepal 1,770 km, Pakistan 3,190 km
Climate
varies from tropical monsoon in south to temperate in north
Terrain:
upland plain (Deccan Plateau) in south, flat to rolling plain along the Ganges, deserts in west, Himalayas in north
Elevation extremes:
Lowest Point: Indian Ocean 0 m
Highest Point: Kanchenjunga 8,598 m
Natural Resources:
coal (fourth-largest reserves in the world), iron ore, manganese, mica, bauxite, rare earth elements, titanium ore, chromite, natural gas, diamonds, petroleum, limestone, arable land
Land use:
Arable land:  47.87%
Permanent crops:3.74%
Other:48.39% (2011)
Irrigated land: 663,340 sq km (2008)
GDP (purchasing power parity):
$42.06 billion (2013 est.)
$40.57 billion (2012 est.)
$38.7 billion (2011 est.)
note: data are in 2013 US dollars
GDP (official exchange rate):
$19.34 billion (2013 est.)
GDP - real growth rate:
3.6% (2013 est.)
4.9% (2012 est.)
3.4% (2011 est.)
GDP - per capita (PPP):
$1,500 (2013 est.)
$1,500 (2012 est.)
$1,400 (2011 est.)
note: data are in 2013 US dollars
Population:
1,236,344,631 (July 2014 est.)
Age structure:
0-14 years: 28.5% (male 187,016,401/female 165,048,695)
15-24 years: 18.1% (male 118,696,540/female 105,342,764)
25-54 Years: 40.6% (male 258,202,535/ female 243,293,143)
55-64 Years: 7% (male 43,625,668 / female 43,175,111)
65 years and over: 5.7% (male 34,133,175/female 37,810,599) (2014 est.)
Median age:
total: 27 years
male: 26.4 years
female: 27.7 years (2014 est.)
Population growth rate:
1.25% (2014 est.)
Birth rate:
19.89 births/1,000 population (2014 est.)
Death rate:
7.35 deaths/1,000 population (July 2014 est.)
Net migration rate:
-0.05 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2014 est.)
Urbanization:
urban population: 31% of total population (2011)
rate of urbanization: 2.47% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)
Sex ratio:
at birth: 1.12 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.13 male(s)/female
15-24 Years: 1.13 male(s)/female
25-54 years: 1.06 male(s)/female
55-64 Years: 1.08 male(s)/female
total population: 1.08 male(s)/female (2014 est.)
total population:1.08 male(s)/female (2014 est.)
Infant mortality rate:
total: 43.19 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 41.9 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 44.63 deaths/1,000 live births (2014 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:
total population: 67.8 years
male: 66.68 years
female: 69.06 years (2014 est.)
Total fertility rate:
2.51 children born/woman (2014 est.)
Chief of state:
President Pranab MUKHERJEE (since 22 July 2012); Vice President Mohammad Hamid ANSARI (since 11 August 2007)
Head of government:
Prime Minister Narendra MODI (since 26 May 2014)
Cabinet:
Union Council of Ministers appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister (For more information visit the World Leaders website )

Elections:
president elected by an electoral college consisting of elected members of both houses of Parliament and the legislatures of the states for a five-year term (no term limits); election last held in July 2012 (next to be held in July 2017); vice president elected by both houses of Parliament for a five-year term; election last held in August 2012 (next to be held in August 2017); prime minister chosen by parliamentary members of the majority party following legislative elections
Election Results:
Pranab MUKHERJEE elected president; percent of vote - Pranab MUKHERJEE 69.31%, Purno SANGMA - 30.69%
Ethnic Groups:
Indo-Aryan 72%, Dravidian 25%, Mongoloid and other 3% (2000)
Languages:
Hindi 41%, Bengali 8.1%, Telugu 7.2%, Marathi 7%, Tamil 5.9%, Urdu 5%, Gujarati 4.5%, Kannada 3.7%, Malayalam 3.2%, Oriya 3.2%, Punjabi 2.8%, Assamese 1.3%, Maithili 1.2%, other 5.9%
Note: English enjoys the status of subsidiary official language but is the most important language for national, political, and commercial communication; Hindi is the most widely spoken language and primary tongue of 41% of the people; there are 14 other official languages: Bengali, Telugu, Marathi, Tamil, Urdu, Gujarati, Malayalam, Kannada, Oriya, Punjabi, Assamese, Kashmiri, Sindhi, and Sanskrit; Hindustani is a popular variant of Hindi/Urdu spoken widely throughout northern India but is not an official language (2001 census)
Religions:
Hindu 80.5%, Muslim 13.4%, Christian 2.3%, Sikh 1.9%, other 1.8%, unspecified 0.1% (2001 census)

Source: CIA World Factbook
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